Powershell Script Sign

 #Parameters
$CertificateName = "PowerShell Code Signing"
 
#Create a Self-Signed SSL certificate
$Certificate = New-SelfSignedCertificate -CertStoreLocation Cert:\CurrentUser\My -Subject "CN=$CertificateName" -KeySpec Signature -Type CodeSigningCert
 
#Export the Certificate to "Documents" Folder in your computer
$CertificatePath = [Environment]::GetFolderPath("MyDocuments")+"\$CertificateName.cer"
Export-Certificate -Cert $Certificate -FilePath $CertificatePath
 
#Add Certificate to the "Trusted Root Store"
Get-Item $CertificatePath | Import-Certificate -CertStoreLocation "Cert:\LocalMachine\Root"
 
Write-host "Certificate Thumbprint:" $Certificate.Thumbprint






=====================================================
#Set Parameters
$CertificateThumbprint = "40F84ACFDE3CAC51651E0BE793E8AF4F2B338343"
$ScriptPath = "C:\Users\kumar-ajeet\Downloads\test.ps1"
 
#Get the Certificate from Cert Store
$CodeSignCert = Get-ChildItem -Path Cert:\CurrentUser\My | Where-Object {$_.Thumbprint -eq $CertificateThumbprint}
 
#Sign the PS1 file
Set-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath $ScriptPath -Certificate $CodeSignCert


Get-AuthenticodeSignature C:\Users\kumar-ajeet\Downloads\test.ps1 | fl

Cisco Bandwidth Limit

 Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# qos
Switch(config)# class-map match-all CLASS_ALL
Switch(config-cmap)# match any
Switch(config-cmap)# exit



Switch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
Switch(config-if)# service-policy input POLICY_LIMIT_150MB
Switch(config-if)# exit


Switch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
Switch(config-if)# service-policy output POLICY_LIMIT_150MB
Switch(config-if)# exit


Switch(config)# policy-map POLICY_LIMIT_100MB
Switch(config-pmap)# class class-default
Switch(config-pmap-c)# police cir 100000000 bc 3125000 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop
Switch(config-pmap-c)# exit

Switch(config)# policy-map POLICY_LIMIT_900MB
Switch(config-pmap)# class class-default
Switch(config-pmap-c)# police cir 900000000 bc 28125000 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop
Switch(config-pmap-c)# exit

Switch(config)# policy-map POLICY_LIMIT_850MB
Switch(config-pmap)# class class-default
Switch(config-pmap-c)# police cir 850000000 bc 26562500 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop
Switch(config-pmap-c)# exit


Switch(config)# policy-map POLICY_LIMIT_150MB
Switch(config-pmap)# class class-default
Switch(config-pmap-c)# police cir 150000000 bc 4687500 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop
Switch(config-pmap-c)# exit




Switch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
Switch(config-if)# service-policy input POLICY_LIMIT_850MB
Switch(config-if)# exit


Switch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
Switch(config-if)# service-policy output POLICY_LIMIT_850MB
Switch(config-if)# exit


Switch# show policy-map interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

Switch# show policy-map interface

How can I resolve the error code: SSL_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION? Mozilla TLS 1.0 not supporting

 

hi, please enter about:config into the firefox address bar (confirm the info message in case it shows up) & search for bold preferences starting with security. - right-click and reset those entries to their default values.

That did the trick. I reset the following to their defaults: security.ssl.errorReporting.automatic (from true to false) security.tls.version.min (from 2 to 1)

What puzzles me is that I changed those values well over 2 (3?) years ago--why the problem now?

Finding the Office Product Key

 

Step 1. Type CMD in the search box, right-click it, and choose Run as administrator.

Step 2. Check your Office version and type the following command lines.

Take Office 2013 as an example:

32-bit Office and 32-bit Windows: cscript "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office15\OSPP.VBS" /dstatus

32-bit Office and 64-bit Windows: cscript "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\Office15\OSPP.VBS" /dstatus

64-bit Office and 64-bit Windows: cscript "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office15\OSPP.VBS" /dstatus

Step 3. Press Enter and check the Office product key.

AutoCAD freezes or stalls when you turn Ortho mode on, possibly by pressing the F8 key.

 

Issue
AutoCAD freezes or stalls when you turn Ortho mode on, possibly by pressing the F8 key.


Cause
This issue seems to be resulting from a Windows 10 update.


Solution
You can resolve this issue easily with a quick toggle of the Temp Overrides system variable.

Type "TempOverrides" in the Command line, and press Enter.

When prompted to enter a value, type 0 and press Enter. You should now be able to turn Ortho mode on without freezing AutoCAD.

Fix the “Could not find this item. This is no longer located in [Path]. Verify the item’s location and try again”

 

This solution is more of a workaround but it gets the job done as a side-effect of another action. That being said, it’s perfect for users who don’t like using Command Prompt and who want to do everything using their mouse in a graphical environment. It’s also easy to use so make you try this one out!

1. Locate the problematic file or folder on your computer by navigating to it in the File Explorer. Right-click on it and choose the Add to archive option from the context menu.
2. When the archiving options window opens, locate the Delete files after archiving option and make sure you select it. Click OK to start the archiving process and, after it finishes, you should notice that your problematic file is missing!
3. Delete the archive you created as well by right-clicking on it and choosing the Delete option from the context menu.

Internet Explorer is not working properly insdide of a container when Mcafee is installed on the node

Symptoms Blank frame is displayed while viewing a javascript content via Internet Explorer . McAfee antivirus with Scriptscan feature is installed on the node. Cause Installation of McAfee AV with Scriptscan option replaces VBScript engine ...

Body

Symptoms

• Blank frame is displayed while viewing a javascript content via Internet Explorer .
• McAfee antivirus with Scriptscan feature is installed on the node.

Cause

Installation of McAfee AV with Scriptscan option replaces VBScript engine on the node and in containers from vbscript.dll:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32
(default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\System32\vbscript.dll

to ScriptSn.20140523232758.dll

McAfee Scriptscan feature is not compatible with Virtuozzo Containers for Windows.

Resolution

McAfee Antivirus should be re-installed on the node without this feature. The following registry keys should be restored to original VBScript dlls in the existing containers:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32
(default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\System32\vbscript.dll

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{f414c260-6ac0-11cf-b6d1-00aa00bbbb58}\InprocServer32
(Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\System32\jscript.dll

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32
(Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\system32\vbscript.dll

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{f414c260-6ac0-11cf-b6d1-00aa00bbbb58}\InprocServer32
(Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\System32\jscript.dll

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Wow6432Node\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32
(Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\SysWOW64\vbscript.dll

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Wow6432Node\CLSID\{f414c260-6ac0-11cf-b6d1-00aa00bbbb58}\InprocServer32
(Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\SysWOW64\jscript.dll

Additional if the node has IE 9 is installed

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{16d51579-a30b-4c8b-a276-0ff4dc41e755}\InprocServer32
(Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\System32\jscript9.dll

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{16d51579-a30b-4c8b-a276-0ff4dc41e755}\InprocServer32
(Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\System32\jscript9.dll

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Wow6432Node\CLSID\{16d51579-a30b-4c8b-a276-0ff4dc41e755}\InprocServer32
(Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Windows\SysWOW64\jscript9.dll

To reconfigure a container with default VBScript dlls the following command can be used:

vzctl CTID exec regsvr32 C:\Windows\System32\vbscript.dll
vzctl CTID exec regsvr32 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\vbscript.dll
vzctl CTID exec regsvr32 C:\Windows\System32\jscript.dll
vzctl CTID exec regsvr32 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\jscript.dll
vzctl CTID exec regsvr32 C:\Windows\System32\jscript9.dll
vzctl CTID exec regsvr32 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\jscript9.dll

In the example above, replace CTID with actual container ID number.

ASP 500 Error with Code 0x800700aa While browsing a .asp page

Problem :

Some times you try to browse a simple ASP page (Legacy ASP) hosted on IIS 7.5 or IIS 8.5 and you run in to following Error : 

Detailed Error Information 
Module IsapiModule 
Notification ExecuteRequestHandler 
Handler ASPClassic 
Error Code 0x800700aa 
Requested URL http://localhost/New_Site/Default.asp 
Physical Path C:\inetpub\wwwroot\New_Site\Default.asp 
Logon Method Anonymous 
Logon User Anonymous

You try all the other options like Enabling 32 Bit, Changing AppPool Pipeline mode to Classic, installing .net framework 1.1 or 2.0 but it doesn't help. 

Diagnose the Problem : 

 To find the main reason of this problem you will need to run Process Monitor and filter the logs to see only ProcMon Logs related to w3Wp.exe. 

While digging the logs, you may find some logs similar to following : 

12:31:49.0797868 PM    w3wp.exe    8264    CreateFile    C:\Program Files\McAfee\VirusScan\scriptsn.dll    PATH NOT FOUND 

                                                                         OR

12:31:49.0797868 PM    w3wp.exe    8264    CreateFile    C:\Program Files\McAfee\VirusScan\scriptsn.dll    PATH NOT FOUND  

Now the question is, why an asp file request is calling a .dll file which is related to to AntiVirus program.

Some times , when AntiVirus program is installed on your server or Updated , it add this DLL as part of there ScriptScan feature  to intercept the script calls before they are executed on following Regresty Key : 

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32 
    (Default)    REG_SZ    C:\Program Files\McAfee\VirusScan\scriptsn.dll

In normal Conditions, this Registry Key (CLSID - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32 ) points to VBScript.dll but here it is pointing to C:\Program Files\McAfee\VirusScan\scriptsn.dll. And this is the reason, ASP files are not being

 processed when requested.

After you successfully remove VSE, the system reports the following error:

The VBscript engine does not run any scripts on this machine
Some applications that utilize java script may not run properly

Procmon shows that when a VBScript is executed on this server, instead of calling the VBScript Driver vbscript.dll, it continues to call the McAfee driver from:

c:\Program Files\Common Files\McAfee\SystemCore\ScriptSn.20110315093749.dll

Applet logs record the following errors related to VBScript after you use MFERemoval100.exe to remove VSE:

<Part of Applet--2016.12.21--09.58.01--[MFERemoval100.exe].txt>
E  Failed to set HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Wow6432Node\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32 to C: \windows\SysWOW64\vbscript.dll
S  C:\windows\SysWOW64\vbscript.dll was register.
E  Failed to set HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32 to C:\windows\system32\vbscript.dll
S  C:\windows\system32\vbscript.dll was register.
S  HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Wow6432Node\SOFTWARE\Classes\VBScript deleted.

Solution

Revert the registry key to its default value:

CAUTION: This article contains information about opening or modifying the registry.

• The following information is intended for System Administrators. Registry modifications are irreversible and could cause system failure if done incorrectly.
• Before proceeding, Technical Support strongly recommends that you back up your registry and understand the restore process. For more information, see: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/256986.
• Do not run a REG file that is not confirmed to be a genuine registry import file.

1. Press Windows+R, type regedit, and click OK.
2. Navigate to the following registry key:
   
   HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32
3. Right-click the registry key and select Permissions.
4. Select Administrators and give Full Control.
   
   NOTE: In some instances, you might have to change ownership to change the permissions for these registry keys. Click Advanced Sharing, Change, and then change the permissions from the System account to the Admin account.
    
5. Replace the following string value: 
   C:\Program Files\Common Files\McAfee\SystemCore\ScriptSn.nnnnnnnnnnn.dl
   
   With:
   C:\Windows\System32\vbscript.dll
    
6. Navigate to the following registry key:
   [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{f414c260-6ac0-11cf-b6d1-00aa00bbbb58}\InprocServer32]
    
7. Replace the following string value:
   C:\Program Files\Common Files\McAfee\SystemCore\ScriptSn.nnnnnnnnnnn.dl
   With:
   C:\Windows\System32\jscript.dll
8. (64-bit systems only) Navigate to the following registry key:
   HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Classes\CLSID\{B54F3741-5B07-11cf-A4B0-00AA004A55E8}\InprocServer32
9. Replace the following string value:
   C:\Program Files\Common Files\McAfee\SystemCore\ScriptSn.nnnnnnnnnnn.dl
   With:
   C:\Windows\System32\vbscript.dll
10. (64-bit systems only) Navigate to the following registry key:
    HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Classes\CLSID\{f414c260-6ac0-11cf-b6d1-00aa00bbbb58}\InprocServer32
11. Replace the following string value:
    C:\Program Files\Common Files\McAfee\SystemCore\ScriptSn.nnnnnnnnnnn.dl
    With:
    C:\Windows\SysWOW64\jscript.dll
     
12. Register vbscript.dll. At an elevated command prompt, type the following and press ENTER:
    
    c:\windows\system32\regsvr32.exe vbscript.dll
     
13. Register jscript.dll. At an elevated command prompt, type the following and press ENTER:
    
    c:\windows\system32\regsvr32.exe jscript.dll

Backup and restoring websites on the Internet Information Services (IIS) Manage

To back up and restore IIS 6:

1. Open the IIS Manager.
2. Right-click the machine labeled as Local Computer.
3. Click All Tasks > Backup/Restore Configuration > Create Backup.
   
4. Type a name for the backed up configuration and then click OK.
   
5. Click Close.
6. Open the %windir%\system32\inetsrv\MetaBack directory and copy the created backup to a local folder.
   
7. Reinstall IIS.
8. Open the local folder and copy the backup file to the %windir%\system32\inetsrv\MetaBack directory.
9. Open the IIS Manager.
10. Right-click the machine labeled as Local computer.
11. Click All Tasks > Backup/Restore Configuration.
12. Select the backup name and then click Restore > Yes > OK.
13. Click Close.

To back up and restore IIS 7 or IIS 8:

1. Open cmd.exe.
2. Navigate to %windir%\system32\inetsrv\.
3. Execute following command to back up configuration:
   appcmd.exe add backup <backupname>.
4. Open the %windir%\system32\inetsrv\backup directory and copy the backup folder to a local folder.
5. Reinstall IIS.
6. Open the local folder and copy the backup folder to the %windir%\system32\inetsrv\backup directory.
7. Execute following command to back up configuration:
   appcmd.exe restore backup <backupname>
   
   

 

Copy and Paste is not working on my Remote Desktop Connection

when clipboard stops working?

 

1. Load up task manager (right click taskbar and select Task Manager)
2. Go to the Processes Tab
3. Select rdpclip.exe
4. Click End Process
5. Go to the Application Tab
6. Click New Process
7. Type rdpclip
8. Click Ok

 

Show/Hide Security Tab in Windows 10

Using Windows Registry

Open the registry of your system by typing “regedit.exe" in Run window. And go to following directory
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Currentversion\Policies\Explorer

When you open it, in right window you’ll see the “NoSecurityTab" change its value to 1 by modifying it. And refresh your window. And here you go. Security tabs from each folder will hide from every one.

Whenever you want to show it again, again go to same registry path and set its value to 0 again, the security tab will be visible again.

Using Group Policy Editor

You can also show/hide “Security" tab through Group Policy editor. Open the “Local Group Policy editor" by writing it in Start Menu. Then open the first result it gives you on typing.
Now open the User Configuration\Administrative Tools\Windows Components\File Explorer and double click on it, now open Remove Security Tab from right hand side window.

When you open “Remove Security Tab", there is 3 options: not configured, enable and disable.
If you want to remove Security Tab, select the “enable" and if don’t then press on “disable".

After selecting any option press “OK" and your settings will be changed. This is another easy and simple way to hide/show Security tab.

Using command line

Giving specific commands on Command Line Window can also enable or disable the “Security" tab.
Following are commands for enabling and disabling the “Security" tab.

Enable Security Tab

REG add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer /v Nosecuritytab /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f

Disable Security Tab

REG add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer /v Nosecuritytab /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f

After entering your required command, press enter and close the CMD and you are done with enabling or disabling the Security Tab.
Above three are easy and simple ways for your problem of enabling or disabling the Security Tab. You can go for anyone of them. All are simple and reliable ways.

Windows 10 Start menu not working after joined to Domain

here may be many scenarios this could happen.  in this scenario you may be having a Windows 2008 R2 domain controller with this kind of group policy setting for registry (this is not a default group policy setting)


And These are the Default Permissions for this Registry Entry


The problem is For windows 10 “CLASSES_ROOT” need more permission to Access Windows Start menu settings
With Windows 2008 R2 Domain controllers this permission group is not available.If you need to add customized group policy settings for “CLASSES_ROOT” you need to have Windows 2012 R2 Domain controller or server 2016 domain Controller in your environment.

This is a screen shot from default settings for “CLASSES_ROOT” in Server 2016 Domain controller



What happen is When you modify that Registry entry with a Group policy in Windows 2008 R2 domain controller.Windows 10 Client PC will loss “ALL APPLICATION PACKAGES” FROM reading CLASSES_ROOT Registry permissions.
If your having only Windows 2008 R2 domain controller.
Delete This Group policy setting
Computer configuration > policies > Windows settings > Security Settings > registry > “CLASSES_ROOT”
run “gpupdate /force” on windows 10 Client PC
Login to Windows 10 PC As Domain Administrator
Go to Registry (Press Windows key + R and type regedit and press enter)
right click HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT And click permission and add “ALL APPLICATION PACKAGES” Group from LOCAL computer and give read only permission

Then click “Advanced” Button and tick “Replace all child object permission entire with inheritable permission entries from the object” and click apply it might take some time to apply settings.click OK and close registry editor and reboot.
If you have  introduced a 2012 R2 or a Server 2016 Domain controller to the existing domain with 2008 R2 you can just edit the Group policy setting for CLASSES_ROOT From 2012 R2 Domain controller Group policy editor and edit CLASSES_ROOT and click on “Add” Button > click “Location” Button > Select “LOCAL COMPUTER NAME” and Click OK.
Click “Advanced” And click “Find” then Select “ALL APPLICATION PACKAGES” Group click OK Twice and give “Read only” permissions for “ALL APPLICATION PACKAGES” Group.Click OK to save. run a “gpupdate /force” on the client computer and reboot.
that’s it, hope this will help to fix start menu not working problem in windows 10 ,even if your not in a domain environment you can just check this registry entry for correct permissions.

How do I add an SPF record? (Note that the SPF format has been deprecated due to the DNS RFC )

 How do I add an SPF record?

Sender Policy Frame (SPF) record specifies the list of approved hostnames (or IPs) from where email can originate for a particular domain.

To set up an SPF record:

1. Log into your Cloudflare Account. 
2. From the drop-down on the top left, select your domain.
3. Click the DNS app at the top of the page.
4. Under DNS Records, complete the fields for your TXT record, including your SPF values record (see image below). 
5. Choose TXT. Enter the Name of the record and its corresponding value.
   
6. (optional) Add your SPF format record string under the value section and click Add Record. Note that the SPF format has been deprecated due to the DNS RFC and thus, you should always have at least the TXT record definition present, even if you use the SPF type.

More information on SPF record syntax and formatting is found below.
The mechanisms can be prefixed with one of four qualifiers:

Prefix	Qualifier
+	Pass
-	Fail
~	Soft Fail
?	Neutral

Evaluation of an SPF record can return any of these results:

Pass	Explanation	Intended action
Pass	The SPF record designates the host to be allowed to send.	Accept
Fail	The SPF record has designated the host as NOT being allowed to send.	Reject
SoftFail	The SPF record has designated the host as NOT being allowed to send but is in transition.	Accept but mark
Neutral	The SPF record specifies explicitly that nothing can be said about the validity.	Accept
None	The domain does not have an SPF record or the SPF record does not evaluate to a result.	Accept
PermError	A permanent error has occurred (e.g. badly formatted SPF record).	Unspecified
TempError	A transient error has occurred.	Accept or reject

For more information about SPF Record Syntax, see, Open SPF project - syntax.
If you're unsure, double check what the value should be with your mail service provider.
Read more about Cloudflare's DNS services.

A certificate chain processed, but terminated in a root certificate which is not trusted by the trust provider. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x800B0109)

 A certificate chain processed, but terminated in a root certificate which is not trusted by the trust provider. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x800B0109)

Download the certificate https://drive.google.com/open?id=1NScf9KPru3GXyZtOfrxQkz2lirt25FGR

 

 To install a certificate chain

1. Click Start, and then click Run.
   
2. In the Open box, type mmc, and then click OK.
   
3. On the File menu, click Add/Remove Snap-in.
   
4. In the Add/Remove Snap-in dialog box, click Add.
   
5. In the list of Available Standalone Snap-ins, select Certificates.
   
6. Click Add.
   
7. Select Computer account, and then click Next.
   
8. In the Select Computer dialog box, ensure that Local computer (the computer this console is running on) is selected, and then click Finish.
   
9. Click Close, and then click OK.
   
10. In the left pane of the Certificates console, expand Certificates (Local Computer).
    
11. Expand Trusted Root Certification Authorities.
    
12. Right-click Certificates, point to All Tasks, and then click Import.
    
13. In the Import Wizard, click Next.
    
14. Click Browse, go to the location where you saved the certificate chain, select the .p7b file, and then click Open.
    
15. Click Next.
    
16. Accept the default value Place all certificates in the following store. Under Certificate store, ensure that Trusted Root Certification Authorities appears.
    
17. Click Next.
    
18. Click Finish.

Microsoft Excel's insert column option is disabled, after right clicking. How do I enable it?

The following steps resolve the issue:
1. Close all open Excel windows
2. In Windows Explorer, go to directory "%appdata%\Microsoft\Excel"
3. Rename the file:  Excel15.xlb --> Excel15.old

Difference between vSphere, ESXi and vCenter

VMware Inc. is a software company that develops many suites of software products specially for providing various virtualization solutions. There are many cloud products, datacenter products, desktop products and so on. VMware has moved from being just a Virtualization company, though it started as one.
VMware Vsphere or simply known as vSphere is a software suite that comes under data center product. vSphere is like Microsoft Office suite which has many softwares like MS Office, MS Excel, MS Access and so on. Like Microsoft Office, vSphere is also a software suite that has many software components like vCenter, ESXi, vSphere client and so on. So, the combination of all these software components is vSphere. vSphere is not a particular software that you can install and use, “it is just a package name which has other sub components”.
ESXi, vSphere client and vCenter are components of vSphere. ESXi server is the most important part of vSphere. ESXi is the virtualization server. It is type 1 hypervisor. All the virtual machines or Guest OS are installed on the ESXi server. To install, manage and access those virtual servers which sit on top of ESXi server, you will need other part of vSphere suit called vSphere client or vCenter. Now, vSphere client allows administrators to connect to ESXi servers and access or manage virtual machines. vSphere client is installed on the client machine (e.g. Administrator’s laptop). It can also be installed on the same physical server where ESXi is installed. The vSphere client is used from client machine to connect to ESXi server and do management tasks. So now what is vCenter? Why we need it? Try cloning existing virtual machine using just a vSphere client without vCenter server and you will see it is impossible.
vCenter server is similar to vSphere client but it’s a software with more power. vCenter server is installed on Windows Server or Linux Server or desktop/laptop. VMware vCenter server is a centralized management application that lets you manage virtual machines and ESXi hosts centrally. vSphere client is used to access vCenter Server and ultimately manage ESXi servers. vCenter server is compulsory for enterprises to have enterprise features like vMotion, VMware High Availability, VMware Update Manager and VMware Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS). For example, you can easily clone existing virtual machine in vCenter server. So vCenter is another important part of vSphere package. You have to buy vCenter license separately.
vSphere is a product suite, ESXi is a hypervisor installed on a physical machine.
vSphere Client is installed on laptop or desktop PC and is used to access ESXi Server to install and manage virtual machines on ESXi server.
vCenter server is installed as virtual machine on top of ESXi server. vCenter server can also be installed on different standalone physical server, but why not virtualize it too right? vCenter server is a vSphere component which is mostly used in large environment where there are many ESXi servers and dozens of virtual machines. The vCenter server is also accessed by vSphere client for management purpose. So, vSphere client is used to access ESXi server directly in small environment. In larger environment, vSphere client is used again to access vCenter server which ultimately manages ESXi server.
Virtualizing the vCenter server.
If the ESXi host that houses the virtual vCenter server becomes inaccessible, then the services are interrupted and you cannot connect to the server. This will cause all sorts of headaches. The only solution is to log into each ESX host and see where the vcenter server is present. You can build a physical vCenter server and domain controller to alleviate this issue. Although you can virtualize any application, I do not think all applications should be. Just some admin advice and experience when planning your virtual environment. However, this can be addresses by getting one or two extra hosts so vcenter can restart itself on another host.

Lenovo compatible to AHCI Change (Install AHCI driver install)

This section assumes to use Internet Explorer and Windows Explorer.
Download and unpack the package should be done under a Windows OS. Installation requires a USB Floppy Disk drive and a floppy disk.
[Downloading files]

1. Click once on the underlined file name. Once this is done, some pop-up windows will appear.
2. Follow the instructions on the screen.
3. In the window to choose Run or Save, click the Save button.
4. Choose the folder you would like to download the file to and click the Save button. A different window will appear and the download will begin and complete. Once the download has completed, there may or may not be a message stating that the download completed successfully.

[Extracting files]

5. Make sure to be logged on with an administrator account.
6. Locate the folder where the file was downloaded.
7. Locate the file that was downloaded and double-click it.
8. Follow the instructions on the screen.
9. In the Select Destination Location window, click Next. If you would like to select a different folder, click Browse.
10. In the Ready to Install window, click Install. All the necessary files will be extracted to the folder selected in the step 9.
11. Uncheck the checkbox next to Install ..... now, and then click Finish to complete extraction.

Delete the file saved in the step 4.
[Installation]

12. Attach a USB floppy disk drive and set the driver floppy disk to your ThinkPad.
13. Set the Windows 7/Vista installation disc on optical drive.
14. Power on the ThinkPad and start installation.
15. Press F6 key to select an external hard disk driver before continue installation.
16. Select AMD AHCI Compatible RAID Controller-x86 platform then Enter.
17. Follow the Windows 7/Vista install instruction and complete installation.

[Update Install]

1. Start Windows 7/Vista.
2. Click Start and Control Panel.
3. Click Performance and Maintenance and System.
4. Click Hardware tab.
5. Click Device Manager button.
6. Double-click the IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers on Device Manager.
7. Double-click Standard AHCI1.0 Serial ATA Controller.
8. Click Driver tab.
9. Click Update Driver button.
10. Select Browse my computer for driver software button.
11. Click Browse, select driver locations.
    • For Windows 7 32 bit Defaults locations "C:\DRIVERS\WIN\AMD_AHCI\Win7x86
    • For Windows 7 64 bit Defaults locations "C:\DRIVERS\WIN\AMD_AHCI\Win7x64
    • For Windows Vista 32 bit Defaults locations "C:\DRIVERS\WIN\AMD_AHCI\LHx86
    • For Windows Vista 64 bit Defaults locations "C:\DRIVERS\WIN\AMD_AHCI\LHx64
12. Check Include subfolder.
13. Click Next button. The driver installation starts.
14. Click Finish button when the installation completes.
15. Click Close button.

Determining which version is installed

[Driver]

1. Click Start.
2. Right-click Computer, and then click Properties.
3. At the left pane, click Device Manager.
4. Double-click the AHCI SCSI and RAID controllers category.
5. Double-click either of the following adapters. AMD AHCI Compatible RAID Controller
6. Click the Driver tab.
7. Check Driver Version. 

 https://download.lenovo.com/ibmdl/pub/pc/pccbbs/mobiles/85s801ww.txt

https://download.lenovo.com/ibmdl/pub/pc/pccbbs/mobiles/85s801ww.exe

"save as" pop up box does not allow me to save the document.

Solution:

The default "Save As" dialog in Acrobat DC is different than the dialog that you've had in earlier releases of Acrobat, it also allows you to save to the cloud and previous locations you've saved files to. It is possible that when Acrobat tries to connect to "the cloud", it runs into problems. You may want to try to turn this feature off to see if that brings your save as dialog back: Open up Acrobat's preferences, then go to the "General" category and deselect "Show online storage when saving files":

 

How do I open it .emz files?

Regarding .EMZ files, they're images.  You can import them to a MS word document via Insert->Picture.

XStandard Zip

Overview

The Zip component provides industry-standard Zip archive functionality. It is designed to be easy to use. You can pack/unpack a file or folder with a single line of code. If you need to create or extract Zip files on the fly, this component is for you. This component can be used in environments that support COM such as Active Server Pages, Windows Scripting Host, Visual Basic, etc.

License
    Freeware
Type
    32-bit ActiveX DLL
Version
    2.5
File Name
    XZip.dll
Download Package
    x-zip.zip

Download

Download Zip Component

Visual C++ users can download header files.
Installation Instructions

    Move the dll to a directory like: C:\Program Files\XStandard\Bin\.
    Open a command prompt and cd to the directory where the dll is located.
    Type regsvr32 XZip.dll or on 64-bit OS type C:\Windows\SysWOW64\regsvr32.exe XZip.dll
    Grant "Read & Execute" file permissions on this dll to Everyone.

Note, the command prompt must be "Run as administrator" as shown in the screen shot below.

Context menu for the command prompt showing the option to run as administrator.
Uninstall Instructions

    Open a command prompt and cd to the directory where the dll is located.
    Type regsvr32 -u XZip.dll or on 64-bit OS type C:\Windows\SysWOW64\regsvr32.exe -u XZip.dll

Usage from 64-bit OS

Please see instructions for 64-bit OS usage.